GELUZ v CA G.R. No. L-16439

NATURAL PERSONS

A.    BIRTH

NCC

Article 40.

Birth determines personality; but the conceived child shall be considered born for all purposes that are favorable to it, provided it be born later with the conditions specified in the following article. (29a)

Article 41.

For civil purposes, the fetus is considered born if it is alive at the time it is completely delivered from the mother's womb. However, if the fetus had an intra-uterine life of less than seven months, it is not deemed born if it dies within twenty-four hours after its complete delivery from the maternal womb. (30a)

1987 PC ART 2

Section 12. The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. The natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth for civic efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the support of the Government.

Presidential Decree No. 603

Article 5. Commencement of Civil Personality. - The civil personality of the child shall commence from the time of his conception, for all purposes favorable to him, subject to the requirements of Article 41 of the Civil Code.

2^nd PAR TFC

Art. 164. Children conceived or born during the marriage of the parents are legitimate.

Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of the wife with the sperm of the husband or that of a donor or both are likewise legitimate children of the husband and his wife, provided, that both of them authorized or ratified such insemination in a written instrument executed and signed by them before the birth of the child. The instrument shall be recorded in the civil registry together with the birth certificate of the child. (55a, 258a)

Art. 180. The effects of legitimation shall retroact to the time of the child's birth. (273a)

RPC

Art. 256. Intentional abortion. — Any person who shall intentionally cause an abortion shall suffer:

1. The penalty of reclusion temporal, if he shall use any violence upon the person of the pregnant woman.chanrobles virtual law library

2. The penalty of prision mayor if, without using violence, he shall act without the consent of the woman.chanrobles virtual law library

3. The penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods, if the woman shall have consented.chanrobles virtual law library

Art. 257. Unintentional abortion. — The penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and medium period shall be imposed upon any person who shall cause an abortion by violence, but unintentionally.

Art. 258. Abortion practiced by the woman herself of by her parents. — The penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods shall be imposed upon a woman who shall practice abortion upon herself or shall consent that any other person should do so.chanrobles virtual law library

Any woman who shall commit this offense to conceal her dishonor, shall suffer the penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and medium periods.chanrobles virtual law library

If this crime be committed by the parents of the pregnant woman or either of them, and they act with the consent of said woman for the purpose of concealing her dishonor, the offenders shall suffer the penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods.chanrobles virtual law library

Art. 259. Abortion practiced by a physician or midwife and dispensing of abortives. — The penalties provided in Article 256 shall be imposed in its maximum period, respectively, upon any physician or midwife who, taking advantage of their scientific knowledge or skill, shall cause an abortion or assist in causing the same.chanrobles virtual law library

Any pharmacist who, without the proper prescription from a physician, shall dispense any abortive shall suffer arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding 1,000 pesos.c

GELUZ V. CA

Nita Villanueva came to know the defendant (Antonio Geluz) for the first time in 1948 — through her aunt Paula Yambot. In 1950 she became pregnant by her present husband before they were legally married. Desiring to conceal her pregnancy from her parent, and acting on the advice of her aunt, she had herself aborted by the defendant. After her marriage with the plaintiff, she again became pregnant. As she was then employed in the Commission on Elections and her pregnancy proved to be inconvenient, she had herself aborted again by the defendant in October 1953. Less than two years later, she again became pregnant. On February 21, 1955, accompanied by her sister Purificacion and the latter's daughter Lucida, she again repaired to the defendant's clinic on Carriedo and P. Gomez streets in Manila, where the three met the defendant and his wife. Nita was again aborted, of a two-month old foetus, in consideration of the sum of fifty pesos, Philippine currency. The plaintiff was at this time in the province of Cagayan, campaigning for his election to the provincial board; he did not know of, nor gave his consent, to the abortion.

FACTS:
1. Her present husband impregnated Nita Villanueva before they were legally married.

2. Desiring to conceal her pregnancy from the parent, she had herself aborted by petitioner Antonio Geluz.

3. After her marriage, she again became pregnant. As she was then employed in the COMELEC and her pregnancy proved to be inconvenient, she had herself aborted again by Geluz.

4. Less than 2 years later, Nita incurred a third abortion of a two-month old fetus, in consideration of the sum of P50.00.

5. Her husband did not know of, nor consented to the abortion.

6. Hence Oscar Lazo, private respondent, sued petitioner for damages based on the third and last abortion.

7. The trial court rendered judgment ordering Antonio Geluz to pay P3,000.00 as damages, P700.00 as attorney’s fee and the cost of the suit. Court of Appeals affirmed the decision.

ISSUE:
Is an unborn child covered with personality so that if the unborn child incurs injury, his parents may recover damages from the ones who caused the damage to the unborn child?

RULING:

1. Personality begins at conception. This personality is called presumptive personality. It is, of course, essential that birth should occur later, otherwise the fetus will be considered as never having possessed legal personality.

2. Since an action for pecuniary damages on account of injury or death pertains primarily to the one injured, it is easy to see that if no action for damages could be instituted on behalf of the unborn child on account of injuries it received, no such right of action could derivatively accrue to its parents or heirs.

3. In fact, even if a cause of action did accrue on behalf of the unborn child, the same was extinguished by its pre-natal death, since no transmission to anyone can take place from one that lacked juridical personality.

4. It is no answer to invoke the presumptive personality of a conceived child under Article 40 of the Civil Code because that same article expressly limits such provisional personality by imposing the condition that the child should be subsequently born alive.

5. In the present case, the child was dead when separated from its mother’s womb.
This is not to say that the parents are not entitled to damages. However, such damages must be those inflicted directly upon them, as distinguished from injury or violation of the rights of the deceased child.

It is unquestionable that the appellant's act in provoking the abortion of appellee's wife, without medical necessity to warrant it, was a criminal and morally reprehensible act, that can not be too severely condemned; and the consent of the woman or that of her husband does not excuse it. But the immorality or illegality of the act does not justify an award of damage that, under the circumstances on record, have no factual or legal basis.

The decision appealed from is reversed, and the complaint ordered dismissed. Without costs.

Civil Code Vol. 1 - Paras

Reference:

Civil Code Vol. 1 - Paras

Persons and Family Relations - Albano

Reference: 

Persons and Family Relations - Albano

Persons and Family Relations Outline

PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS OUTLINE

I. INTRODUCTION 

1 Tolentino, Civil Code, pp. 1-10 [1990 Edition]


II. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS

Arts. 1 to 13, pp. 1-52 of Tolentino
NCC 1 - 18

A.  When law takes effect

NCC 2
Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24
Exec. Order 200, Sec. 2

Tañada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27
Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010
Commissioner v Hypermix, G.R. No. 179579, February 1, 2012
Acaac v Azcuna, Jr., G.R. No. 187378, Sept. 30, 2013
Garcillano v House of Representatives, G.R. No. 170338, December 23, 2008


B.  Ignorance of the law

NCC 3
KASILAG VS. RODRIGUEZ, 69 PHIL 217
        Elegado v. Court of Appeals, 173 SCRA 285

C.  Retroactivity of laws

NCC 4,   cf.  NCC 2252 - 2269
Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22
Family Code (FC) 256

Simon v Chan, G.R. No. 157547, February 23, 2011
Francisco vs. CA , G.R. No. 102330.  November 25, 1998
CF: Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001 
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113 March 18, 2015
Abad v. Philcomsat, G.R. No. 200620, March 18, 2015


D. Mandatory or Prohibitory Laws

NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3)
        Nerwin v PNOC, G.R. No. 167057, April 11, 2012


E. Waiver of rights

NCC Art. 6
NCC Art. 2035

DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001
Aujero V PhilComSat, G.R. No. 193484, January 18, 2012
` Villareal v People, G.R.No.151258, February1, 2012
Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 192383, December 4, 2013.
Dona Adela v Tidcorp, G.R. No. 201931, February 11, 2015
BBB v AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015

F.  Repeal of laws 

NCC 7
cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3
FC 254, 255

Thornton vs. Thornton, Aug. 16, 2004
Kida v Senate, G.R. No. 196271, February 28, 2012
Yinlu Bicol v Trans-Asia, G.R. No. 207942, Jan. 12 2015


G. Judicial Decisions

NCC 8

Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001 
De Castro v JBC, G. R. No. 191002, April 20, 2010

  Republic v Rehman Enterprises, GR 199310, Feb.19, 2014


H.  Duty to render judgment

NCC 9, 10
RPC 5
People v. Ritter 194 SCRA 690

I.  Presumption and Applicability of Custom

NCC 11 - 12
cf.  1987 Constitution, Art. XII Sec. 5
Rules of Court Rule 129 (2), (3)

Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79

J.  Legal periods

NCC 13
cf.  Rules of Court (ROC) Rule 22
RAC Sec. 31

Internal Revenue v Primetown, GR 162155, August 28, 2007
Montajes v People, G.R. No. 183449, March 12, 2012

K. Applicability of Penal Laws

NCC 14, 17(3), RPC Art. 2

L. Binding effect

NCC 15
cf.  FC 26

Tenchavez v. Escaño 15 SCRA 355
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Board of Commissioners vs. de la Rosa, 197 SCRA 853
ATCI Overseas Corp vs. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, Oct. 11, 2010

NCC 16

Amos v Bellis, 20 SCRA 358
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014


NCC 17

Raytheon v Rouzie, GR 162894, February 26, 2008

NCC 18
Tamano v Ortiz, G.R. No. 126603, June 29, 1998 
Llave vs Republic, GR 169766, March 30, 2011
Zamoranos v People, G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011
Villagracia v Sharia, GR 188832, April 23, 2014


III. PERSONS & PERSONALITY


A.  The concept of a ‘person’ and ‘personality’

NCC 37 - 39

B.  Commencement and termination of personality

1. Natural Persons 

(a)  Birth 

NCC 40 - 41
1987 Constitution, Art. II Sec. 12
P.D. 603 [Child and Youth Welfare Code], Art. 5
FC 164, 2nd par. , FC 180
RPC Arts. 256 - 259

Geluz v. CA 2 SCRA 801
Quimiging v. Icao 34 SCRA 134
De Jesus v. Syquia 58 Phil 866
Continental Steel v. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009


(b)  Death

NCC 42

Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776
Dumlao v. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472
Eugenio v. Velez 185 SCRA 425
Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211. Oct. 27, 1989
Valino v Adriano, GR 182894, April 22, 2014
Berot v.  Siapno, G.R. No. 188944, July 09, 2014

NCC 43
ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3 (jj) - (kk) (1989 Rev. Rules on Evidence)

Joaquin v. Navarro 93 Phil 257


2.  Juridical Persons

NCC 44-47
Batas Pambansa Blg. 68 (Corp. Code), Secs. 2, 4, 17
NCC 1767-1768


C.    Restrictions on civil capacity


1.  Presumption of capacity, Art. 37 NCC

Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007 

2.   Restrictions on capacity to act

NCC 38 - 39, cf. NCC 1327

(a)  Minority

1. Age of majority, R.A. 6809
2. A.M. NO. 03-02-05-SC Rules on Guardianship 
3.  Suffrage, Sec. 1 Art. V 1987 Constitution [cf. Sangguniang Kabataan]
4.  Marriage, FC 5; 45 (1); cf. R.A. 6809; FC 79
5.  Contracts

NCC 1327
NCC 1390 (par. 1), 1403 (par. 3)
NCC 1397, 1399
NCC 1489
NCC 1426 - 1427

Mercado v. Espiritu 37 Phil 215
Bambalan v. Maramba 51 Phil 417
Suan Chian v. Alcantara 85 Phil 669
Braganza v. Villa-Abrille 105 Phil 456


6.  Criminal liability

RPC 12 (2) - (3);
RPC 13 (2); PD 603 Secs. 189 – 204
Also see: Rule 3, Section 5 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure
Juvenile Justice Law, Secs 6 and 7

Atizado vs People, GR No. 173822, October 13, 2010


(b)  Insanity

1. Marriage, FC 45 (2), Art. 79
2. Contracts, NCC 1327 (1), 1328
3. Criminal liability, 

RPC 12 (1)
Rule 101, Rules of Court

US v. Vaguilar, 27 Phil 88
People v. Rafanan 204 SCRA 65
Standard Oil v. Arenas, GR No. L-5921, July 25, 1911
People v Bugalao, GR 184757, Oct. 5, 2011
Oropesa v Oropesa, GR 184528, April 25, 2012
Crewlink v Teringtering, GR 166803, October 14, 2012


(c)    Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820
(d)   Prodigality,  ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2
(e)   Civil Interdiction, RPC 34, 41
(f)    Family Relations 

FC 150-151; cf. FC 87, 37, 38
NCC  1490
NCC 2035
cf. NCC 963-967

(g)  Alienage, cf. Art. XII, Secs. 11, 1987 Constitution

Cordora vs COMELEC, February 19, 2009
Reyes v COMELEC, G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013
Go v. Republic, G.R. No. 202809, July 02, 2014
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113 March 18, 2015

(h) Absence, NCC 381 – 396, FC 41 

Olaguer v Purugganan, GR 158907, February 12, 2007

(i) Insolvency and Trusteeship, NCC 1381, 1491, 2236, 2237

     Umale v ASB Realty, GR 181126, June 15, 2011

(j) Gender, Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403
See also: Rule 3 Section 4, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure

(k) Physical Incapacity/Disease, FC 45(5), 45(6), 46, NCC 820

Heirs Of Favis, Sr. v  Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15 2014

D.  Domicile and residence of persons

1.  Juridical persons,  NCC 51

2.  Natural persons 

NCC 50
FC 69, cf. NCC 110
cf. FC 55, 101, 149, 152, 101

Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300 
Jalosjos v COMELEC, GR 191970, April 24, 2012



IV.  INTRODUCTION TO THE FAMILY CODE 

Legarda, Mawis and Vargas, “Family Law in the Philippines.”


A.  Effect and Retroactivity 

E.O. 29, as amended by E.O. 227, R.A. 6809, R.A. 7610
FC 256, cf. FC 36 in rel. to 39, FC 105, FC 162, FC 257

Lupo Atienza v. Judge Brilliantes, 243 SCRA 32
Bernabe vs. Alejo, 374 SCRA 180
Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010

B.  Repeal/Amendment

FC 254, 255


V. MARRIAGE & PERSONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES 

A.  The concept of “marriage” 

FC 1 cf. NCC 52, FC 149
Art  II Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution
Art. XV Sec. 2, 1987 Constitution
Obergefell Et Al. v. Hodges, Director, Ohio Department Of Health, Et Al. Supreme Court Of The United States, Nos. 14–556, 14-562,14-571 and 14–57, 200 U. S. 321 
(http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/14pdf/14-556_3204.pdf)


B.   Nature of marriage in Philippine law 


FC 1 
cf. Rule 131 Sec. 3 (aa), 1989 Rules on Evidence, 
NCC 220
Muslim Code,  (P.D. 1083) Sec. 14

Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252
Sermonia v Republic, 233 SCRA 155
Perido v Perido, 63 SCRA 97
Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007
People v De La Cruz, G.R. No.187683, February 11, 2010
De Santis v Intestate Estate Jalandoni, December 1, 2010
Cercado-Siga v. Cercado, Jr., G.R. No. 185374, March 11, 2015

C.   Agreements during and prior to marriage 
1.   Stipulations in marriage 

FC 1 cf. NCC 221, FC 75

Espinosa v Atty. Omana, A.C. No. 9081, October 12, 2011


2.   Breach of promise to marry

NCC 19 - 21; NCC 2176; MC 22

Hermosisima v. CA 109 Phil 629
Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 648
Tanjanco v. CA 18 SCRA 994
Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115 
Abanag v Mabute, AM P-11-2922, April 4, 2011


D.   Requisites for a valid marriage 

Mariategui v. CA 205 SCRA 337

1.  Kinds of requisites & effects of non-compliance 

FC 2-3; FC 4; FC 5; FC 35; FC 45 cf.  NCC 53
RPC 350-351
De Mijares vs Villaluz, 274 SCRA 1

2.   Essential requisites

    (a) Legal Capacity

(i) Gender, FC 2 ( 1) cf. FC 148

Silverio vs Republic, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007

(ii).  Age 
 
 FC 5; FC 35 (1); R.A. 6809 cf. FC 21
 NCC 54 & 80 (1)
 RPC 344
 cf. DOJ Opinion 145 S.1991 (Oct. 1991)

(iii) Absence of impediment, FC 5, 35

Garcia vs. Recio, 365 SCRA 437
Te vs. Choa, G.R. No. 126446, Nov. 29, 2000 (346 SCRA 327)
    Nollora v People, GR 191425, September 7, 2011
    Avenido v Avenido, G.R. No. 173540,  Jan 22 2014


(iv). Parental consent

  FC 14; FC 15; FC 45 (1)

(v)  Consent freely given by both spouses

(a).  Mistake as to identity,

FC 35 (5); NCC 86 (1)

(b). Effect of insanity, FC 45 (2)

(c). Effect of fraud, FC 45 (3); FC 46, NCC 1338 – 1344

Anaya vs Palaroan, Nov. 26, 1970

(d). Effect of force, intimidation and undue influence, FC 45 (4); NCC 1335 – 1337

Villanueva vs CA, 505 Scra 564

(e).  Effect of physical incapacity/impotence, FC 45 (5)

Jimenez v. Cañizares 109 Phil 27
Alcazar v Alcazar, G.R. No. 174451, October 13, 2009

(f)  Effect of affliction with STD, FC 45 (6); 46 (3)


5.  Formal Requisites

(a)  Marriage license

 Republic v. CA, 236 SCRA 257
 Sy vs. CA, G.R. No. 127263, April 12, 2000
Alcantara vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007
De Castro v De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, February 13, 2008
Abbas vs  Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January  30,  2013  


1.  Where to apply, FC 9 - 10

2.  Requirements for issuance

a. application, FC 11
b. proof of capacity, FC 12-14; FC 21  cf. NCC 84

    cf. DOJ Opinion 50 S. 1991 (April 30, 1991)
    DOJ Opinion 146 S. 1991 (Oct. 17, 1991)
        
c. parental advice, FC 15
d. marriage counseling, FC 16
e. publication, FC 17
f. investigation of impediments, FC 18
g. payment of fees, FC 19
h. family planning certificate, P.D. 965

3.  Place where valid, FC 20
4.  Period of validity, FC 20
5.  Duties of the Civil Registrar, FC 24-25

Alcantara vs Alcantara, GR No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007
Abbas vs  Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January  30,  2013  

 6.  Marriages exempt from license requirement

FC 27-34, cf. NCC 76, P.D. 1083

Niñal vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000
De Castro vs. De Castro, G.R. 160172, February 13, 2008
Republic vs Dayot, March 28, 2008

(b)  Authority of the solemnizing officer

1.  Who are authorized

FC 7, 10, 31 & 32
NCC 56, 74, 76
R.A. 7160 (1991 Local Government Code),
Secs. 444(b)(1)(xviii), 445 (b)(1)(xviii)

Aranes vs Occiano, 380 SCRA 402
Navarro v. Domagtoy S.C. A.M.  MTJ-96-1088, July 19, 1996
Beso v Daguman, 323 SCRA 566 (2000)
Ronulo vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 182438, July 2, 2014

2.  How authorized

FC 7 (2) cf. NCC 92-96

Villar v. Paraiso 96 Phil 659

3.  Effect of absence of authority

FC 4; FC 35 (2)
RPC 352  
cf. Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355 at page 360


4.  Duties of the solemnizing officer, FC 23-24

5.  Effect of irregularity, FC 4

(c)   Marriage Ceremony

1.  Form of ceremony, FC 3 (3); FC 6 cf. FC 33, FC 8

Martinez v. Tan 12 Phil 731
COMPARE TO: Morigo v People, G.R. No. 145226.   February 06, 2004


2.   Place for ceremony, FC 8; FC 28-29; FC 32-33


3.  Issuance of marriage certificate, FC 6; FC 22, 23

Madridejo v. De Leon 55 Phil 1
People v. Borromeo 133 SCRA 106


E.  Law governing validity of marriages abroad

1.  General rule in contracts

(a)  As to form, NCC 17 (1) and (2)
(b)  As to substantive requirements, NCC 15 & 17 (3)

2.  Special rule in marriage

(a)  lex loci celebrationis, FC 26; FC 21, FC 10

     Yao Kee v. Sy-Gonzales, 167 SCRA 786
     Republic vs. Orbecido III, G.R. No. 154380, October 5, 2005 
    Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013

(b)  Exceptions

FC 26 in relation to 
FC 35(1), 35(4), 35(5) and (6), 36, 37 & 38
cf. NCC 71
DOJ Opinion No. 11 S. 1990 (Jan. 17, 1990)


F.   Common-law marriages/ ‘live-in’ relationships

FC 147, cf. RPC 350
FC 148 (“adulterous”)
Rule 131 Sec. 3 (aa) – (cc), 1989 Rules on Evidence cf. NCC 220
FC 26 par. 1
NCC Book II, Title III (484-501)

Lesaca v. Lesaca, 91 Phil 135
Yaptinchay v. Torres, 28 SCRA 489
Eugenio v. Velez, G.R. No. 85140 May 17, 1990
Estrada v Escritor, A.M. No. P-02-1651, August 4, 2003

G.  Void Marriages 

General rule, FC 4

1.  Kinds of void marriages

(a)  Absence of requisites

FC 35 cf.  FC 234, RA 6809
Alcantara v Alcantara, GR NO. 1677446,  Aug. 18, 2007
So v Valera, GR 150677, June 5, 2009
De Castro v De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, Feb. 13, 2008
Republic v Dayot, G.R. No. 175581, March 28, 2008 
Abbas vs  Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January  30,  2013  

(b)  Bigamous and polygamous marriages,

    FC 35(4), 39, 40, 41, 44
    RPC 344, 349
   
    Wiegel v. Sempio-Diy, 143 SCRA 499 (1986)
Terre v. Terre, 211 SCRA 6
Domingo v. CA 226 SCRA 572
Cariño vs. Cariño 351 SCRA 127
Bobis vs. Bobis, G.R. No. 138509, July 31, 2000
Mercado vs.Tan, G.R. No 137110, August 1, 2000
Ty vs CA, 346 SCRA 327
Tenebro vs. CA, G.R. No. 150758. February 18, 2004 (read concurring of Justice Vitug and dissent of Justice Carpio)
Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA 376
Teves v People, GR 188775, August 24, 2011
Nollora v People, GR 191425, September 7, 2011
Montanez vs Cipriano, GR 181089, October 22, 2012
See: Abbas vs  Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January  30,  2013  
Capili v People, GR 183805, July 3, 2013
Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Go- Bangayan v  Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013
People v Odtuhan, GR 191566, July 17, 2013
Iwasawa vs Gangan, , G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11 2013
SSS v. Azote, G.R. No. 209741, April 15, 2015


(c)  Subsequent marriage, upon reappearance of absent spouse

    FC 41 in relation to FC 42-44
    NCC  390-391, FC 55 (10), FC 101
   
Jones v. Hortiguela 64 Phil 179
Republic vs. Nolasco, 220 SCRA 20, March 17, 1993
Bienvenido vs. CA, 237 SCRA 676, October 24, 1994
SSS vs Jarque, G.R. No. 165545, March 24, 2006

Procedure
Republic v Granada, GR No. 187512, June 13, 2012

(d)   Bad faith of both spouses, under FC 44. Other effects of bad faith: 43, 40, 45, 81, 86

(e)   Psychological incapacity under FC 36


    FC 36, 39, 68-71
R.A. 8533

    Santos v. CA  240 SCRA 20
Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA  G.R. No. 119190, Jan. 16, 1997
Republic v Molina, G.R. No. 108763 February 13, 1997
Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 76, December 08, 1999
Marcos vs. Marcos, 343 SCRA 755, October 19, 2000
Republic vs. Dagdag, 351 SCRA 425
RP vs. Quintero-Hamano, G.R. No. 149498, May 20, 2004
Antonio vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 155800, Mar. 10,2005
Republic vs. Tanyag-San Jose, 517 SCRA 123, February 6, 2007
Almelor vs RTC-Las Pinas, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008
Te vs Te, GR No. 161793, Feb. 13, 2009
Azcueta vs RP, G.R. No. 180668, May 26, 2009
Halili v Halili, GR 165424, June 9, 2009 (Motion for Recon)
Najera v Najera, GR 164817, July 3, 2009
Camacho-Reyes v Reyes, G.R. No. 185286, August 18, 2010
Kalaw v Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011
Mendoza v Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012
Republic v De Gracia, GR. No. 171557, Feb. 12, 2014
Kalaw v Fernandez, GR 166357, January 14, 2015
Viñas v. Viñas, G.R. No. 208790, January 21, 2015
Mallilin v Jamesolamin, G.R. No. 192718, 18 Feb. 2015 
Yuk Ling Ong v Co, G.R. No. 206653, 25 Feb. 2015


(f)   Incestuous marriages, FC 37 cf.  NCC 963-967 
(g)   Marriages against public policy

      FC 38, compare FC 38(6) with NCC 80(6)
      RPC 246
      NCC 80(7), 82 
      NCC 963-967


(h)   Non-compliance under FC 35 (2),  53, 52. 102, 129
Sec. 21, 22 and 23, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
NOTE: FC 147 and 148

2.  Who can invoke nullity, FC 36, FC 39, FC 40
Sec. 2, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003

Niñal vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000
Catalan vs. Court of Appeals, 514 SCRA 607, February 6, 2007
Enrico vs. Heirs of Sps. Medinaceli, G.R. No. 173614, September 28, 2007
Carlos s. Sandoval, GR 179922, December 16, 2008 
Ablaza v Republic, G.R. No. 158298, August 11, 2010


3.  When to file action for declaration of nullity 

FC 39 in relation to FC 255, 256 
FC 42, par. 2


4.  Procedure in actions for declaration of nullity

a.   Requisite for valid remarriage, see VII (E)(10)(b) above
b.   Safeguards against collusion, FC 48

Malcampo Sin vs. Sin, 355 SCRA 285
Ancheta vs Ancheta, 424 SCRA 725
Republic v CA, G.R. No. 159594, November 12, 2012

c.   No confession of judgment, FC 48; cf.  NCC 2035

d. A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003

Jocson v. Robles 22 SCRA 521
Tolentino v. Villanueva 56 SCRA 1

e. Participation of the OSG

Mendoza v Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012

f. No Motion to Dismiss

Aurelio v Aurelio, G.R. No. 175367, June 6, 2011

5. Other Matters

Chan v Chan, G.R. No. 179786, July, 14, 2013

6.  Effects of pendency of action for declaration of nullity - Art. 49, 198

7. Effects of res judicata

Mallion vs Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336

8.  Effects of final judgment declaring nullity 

(a)   In general, FC 50-54, but see FC 147-148; 198, 213

(b)   On remarriage, FC 40, 41 

(c)   On rights & obligations between the former spouses, FC Arts. 68-72

(d)  On the property regime of the marriage, FC 147-148

Valdes v. QC-RTC, G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996
Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu v Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011
Barrido v. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014

(e)  On ‘legitimes’ of the common children

FC 50-53, FC 51 in rel. to NCC 886, 888; 
FC 176
NCC 908, 1061
Sec. 21, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
COMPARE TO: FC 147

Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
COMPARE TO: 
Yu v Carpio-Reyes, GR 189207, June 15, 2011


(f)   On the status and custody of children, FC 54, 213, 102, 129, 164, 165, NCC 369


(g)  On use of surnames, NCC Art. 371, 364, 369

Yasin vs Shari'a, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995 
B. M. NO. 1625 -JOSEPHINE P. UY-TIMOSA
Remo v DFA, March 2010

(h)  On hereditary rights of the former spouses, FC 43 (5), 50

(i) Effect of death, Art. 103, 130

Heirs of Go v Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011


H.  Voidable Marriages  


1. Void v. voidable marriages, FC 4 cf. 45

Ninal v Bayadog, G.R. No. 133778. March 14, 2000

2. Grounds for annulment

(a)  Absence of parental consent,

FC 4, 5, 14, 45(1), 47(1), 35 (1), cf R.A. 6809 

Moe v. Dinkins, 533 F.Supp. 623 (1981), 669 F.2d 67 (1982)


(b) Insanity, FC 45(2), 47(2), NCC Art. 1149

Katipunan v Tenorio, 38 OG 172, 1937 
Oropesa v Oropesa, GR 184528, April 25, 2012
Crewlink v Teringtering, GR 166803, October 14, 2012

(c) Fraud 

FC 45(3), 46, 47(3)

Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 126010.  December 8, 1999

NCC 1338-1344

Buccat v. Buccat 72 Phil 49
Aquino v. Delizo 108 Phil 21
Anaya v. Palaroan 36 SCRA 97
Almelor vs. RTC, G.R. No. 179620, August 26, 2008 

(d) Force, intimidation and undue influence

FC 45(4), 47(4)
NCC 1335-1337
RPC 344, last paragraph

Ruiz v Atienza, 40 O.G. 1903 (1941)
Villanueva v CA, 505 SCRA 564

(e) Physical incapacity/impotence 

FC 45(5), 47(5)

Jimenez v. Cañizares 109 Phil 273
Sarao v Guevara, 1940, 40 OG 11 Supp 263
Alcazar vs Alcazar, GR 174451, October 13, 2009

(f)  Affliction with STD, FC (45(6), compare with FC 46(3), 47(5), 47 (3)

(g) Others

Republic v Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013

3.  Who can seek annulment, FC 47, Sec. 3, AM No. 02-11-10-SC, March 4, 2003

4. When to seek annulment. FC 47, NCC 1149
 
5.  Procedure in actions for annulment

FC Art. 48, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
 
Barcelona vs. CA, G. R. 130087, Sept. 24, 2003

6.  Effects of pendency of action for annulment

FC 49, 198, 213
A.M No. 02-11-12-SC. March 4, 2003

7.  Effects of annulment, FC 50-54, 43, 44, 86 (3), 99, 102, 129, 198, 213

(a) In general

Chan-Tan v Chan, G.R. No. 167139, February 25, 2010 

(b)   On remarriage, FC Art. 40
(c)   On rights & obligations between the former spouses, 198
(d)   On the property regime of the marriage 

FC 50, FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4), 129, 138
Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358.  March 31, 2005 Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

(e)  On ‘presumptive legitimes/hereditary rights

FC 50-53, 43 (2), FC 51 in rel to NCC 886, 888; 
FC 176
NCC 908, 1061
FC 102 (5) and (6), 129 (8) and (9)

Yu v Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011

(f)   On the status and custody of children, FC 54, 213. 164, 165

(g)  On use of surnames, NCC Art. 371, 364, 369

Yasin vs Shari'a, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995 
B.M. NO. 1625 -Josephine P. Uy-Timosa
Remo v DFA, March 2010


I.  Marriage when one spouse is absent 

FC 41-44, compare with NCC 83, 85(2) and 87(2)
cf.  RPC 349
SSS vs. De Bailon, G.R. No. 165545, March 24, 2006
Valdez v Republic, G.R. No. 180863, September 8, 2009

J. Forfeiture and Delivery of Presumptive Legitimes

K.  Marriages dissolved by a foreign judgment 

NCC 15, 17 (3)
FC 26 

Arca vs Javier, July 31, 1954
Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355
Van Dorn v. Romillo,  139 SCRA 139 
Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663
Quita vs CA, 300 SCRA 406
Llorente vs CA, 345 SCRA 592
Roehr v Rodriguez, GR 142820, June 30, 2003.
Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437
Diego vs Castillo, 436 SCRA 67 
RP vs. Orbecido, G.R.No. 154380, Oct. 5, 2005
San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
Amor-Catalan vs. Ca, G.R. No. 167109, February 6, 2007
Corpus v Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010
Llave v Republic, G.R. No.  169766, March 30, 2011
Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014
Edelina  T. Ando v DFA, G. R. No.  195432, AUG. 27, 2014


L.  Marriages giving rise to criminal liability

FC Arts. 4, 35, 38, 16, 41
NCC 84, RPC 351-352, FC 167-169

People v De Guzman, GR 185843, March 3, 2010

R.A. 6955, “An Act to Declare Unlawful the Practice of Matching Filipino Women for Marriage to Foreign Nationals”

R.A. 9208, Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003, as amended by RA 10364


VI.      THE LAW ON SEPARATION OF THE SPOUSES

A.  Concepts of separation & divorce

Benedicto v. De la Rama 3 Phil 34

1.  Separation in fact, FC 238-248, 101(3)

Villanueva v Chiong, GR 159889, June 5, 2008

2.  Agreements to separate, FC 1, NCC 221 (1)

Espinosa v Omana, A.C. No. 9081, October, 12, 2011

3.  Absolute divorce 

(a)  Divorce under the Family Code

    FC 26, paragraph 2
Gorayeb v Hashim, 50 Phil. 22
    Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355
    Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139
      Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663 
Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013


(b)  Divorce under the Muslim Code, MC 45-55

Llave v Republic, G.R. No.  169766, March 30, 2011
Zamoranos v People, G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011


B.  Concept of legal separation

1. Grounds for legal separation – Art. 55 FC, RA 9262, compare with NCC 97 

A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003

(a)  Sexual infidelity or perversion

FC 55(8)
NCC 36
RPC 333 & 334
RPC 247

Goitia v. Campos-Rueda 35 Phil 252
Kalaw v Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011
Republic v Quintos, GR 159594, November 12, 2012

(b)  Drug addiction, habitual alcoholism, lesbianism or 
    homosexuality

FCC 55 (5) and (6) compare with FC 46(4)

Almelor v RTC, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008
Campos v Campos, A.M. No. MTJ-10-1761, Feb. 08, 2012

(c)   Attempt on the life of the other spouse

FC 55(9), compare with NCC 97(2)
Rep. Act 9262

(d) Abandonment 

FC Art. 55 (10) 
FC 101 par. 3, compare with separation in fact
Republic v Quintos, GR 159594, November 12, 2012

(e) Other grounds 

FC 55 (1)
Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252
Kalaw v Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011

2.  Who can ask for legal separation

FC 55, compare with NCC 99

3.   When may petition be filed

FC 57, compare with NCC 102, NCC 99

People v. Zapata 88 Phil 688

4.  Court procedure in legal separation

    FC 58-60; 
    Sec 19, RA 9262
    A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003
    
Araneta vs Concepcion, 99 Phil 709
Ocampo v Florenciano, 107 Phil 35
Lapuz vs Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177
Samosa vs Vamenta, Jr., 46 SCRA 110
Gandionco v. Peñaranda 155 SCRA 725
Pacete v. Cariaga, 231 SCRA 321

5.  Effect of pendency of the petition, FC 61-62

De la Viña v. Villareal 41 Phil 13
    Sabalones v. CA  230 SCRA 79
 

(d)  Support and custody pendente lite

    FC 62 cf. FC 49, FC 198
    Yangco v. Rhode, 1 Phil 404
    De la Viña v. Villareal, 41 Phil 13     Araneta v. Concepcion 99 Phil 709
    Lerma v. CA 61 SCRA 440
6.  Defenses in actions for legal separation – FC Art. 56

(a)  Consent 

      FC 56(2); NCC 100
      People v. Sansano 50 Phil 73
      People v. Schneckenberger 73 Phil 413

(b)  Condonation

FC 56(1)
Ginez v. Bugayong 100 Phil 616

(c)  Recrimination

FC 56(4)
Brown v. Yambao 102 Phil 168 
Ong vs Ong, G.R. No. 153206, October 23, 2006

(d) Collusion/Mutual Consent

FC 60
FC 56(3), (5), compare with NCC 101 and 221(2)
Brown v. Yambao, supra
Ocampo v. Florenciano 107 Phil 35
Republic v CA, November 12, 2012

   
7.   Effects of decree of legal separation

   (a)  On personal relations, FC 63
   (b)  On the custody of children

FC 63(3); FC 213
NCC 106(3)
P.D. 603 (CYWC) Art. 17 par. 3
Matute v. Macadaeg, 99 Phil 340, May 30, 1956

   (c)  On property relations
 
FC 63(2), FC 64, FC Art. 102 (4), 129 (7)
Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

    (d)  On support, FC 198

    (e)  On the use of surname, NCC 372

Laperal v. Republic 116 Phil 672

     (f)  On hereditary rights, FC 63(4)

(g) Other Effects, FC 64, 198

                (h)  Solo Parents Act – RA 8972

8.   Reconciliation, FC 65-67

9.  Effect of death of one of the parties

Lapuz vs. Eufemio 43 SCRA 314
Macadangdang vs. CA, G.R. No. L-38287, October 23, 1981


VII. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES, FC 68-72

A.  Obligation to love each other, FC 68

B.  Obligation to live with the other spouse

             1.  General rule and exceptions 
  FC 68 
Art. 100 (1); 127 (1); 101; 128
NCC 921 (4)
RPC 11 (2)
RPC 247
Republic v Molina, G.R. No. 108763 February 13, 1997
Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252 Arroyo v. Vasques-Arroyo 42 Phil 54
Cuaderno v. Cuaderno 12 SCRA 505
Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789.  May 12, 2000.


               2.  Designation of domicile

              (a)   General rule: jointly
  FC 69 par. 1, compare with NCC 110
 
 Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 335
 
               (b)  Exception, FC 69 par. 2

De la Viña v. Villareal, 41 Phil 13 at pp. 16-21

C.  Joint management of family life 

FC 71, 94 (last par.), 121 (last par.), 122, 146

D. Joint Obligation to Support

FC 70, 194, 94 (1) and (last par.), 121 (1) and (last par.), 146

Calderon vs Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan.  09, 2013  

E.  The right to exercise a profession or calling

FC 73 as amended by RA 10572 (May 24, 2013), compare with NCC 117, FC Art. 94 (2), (3); FC Art. 121 (2), (3)
Art. II Sec. 14 and Art. XIII Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution
cf. NCC 113 compare with ROC Rule 3 Sec. 4

cf. R.A. 7192, “An Act Promoting the Integration of Women as
Full & Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation Building”

cf.  R.A. 8187, “An Act Granting Paternity Leave...”

RA 9710, Magna Carta of Women

F.  Related rights/obligations

Republic v Molina, G.R. No. 108763 February 13, 1997
Yasin v. Shariah Court  241 SCRA (1995)

G. Civil and Criminal Sanctions

H. Enforcement of Rights of Women and Children
Republic Act No. 9262 – Anti-Violence Against Women and Children
Sharica Mari Go Tan vs Spouses Tan, GR No. 168852, Sept. 30, 2008
San Diego vs RTC, G.R. No. 193960, Jan. 07, 2013
Tua v Mangrobang, G.R. No. 170701, January 22, 2014
People. vs. Jumawan, G.R. No. 187495, April 21, 2014
    Republic vs. Yahon, G.R. No. 20104,  June 16, 2014
BBB v AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015 


VIII. PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES 

A. Requisites for validity of marriage settlements

FC Art. 75; 130 (3); 103 (3)

1.  Prior to marriage: modifications

FC 1; FC 76 (modifications after marriage)
FC 66, 67, 128, 135, 136

Pana vs. Heirs of Juanite, Sr., G.R. No. 164201, December 10, 2012

2.   Form & registration requirement, FC 77, NCC 1357, 1358, NCC 709

3.   Celebration of the marriage, FC 81 cf. Art. 86 (1)

B.  Parties to a marriage settlement 

(a)  minors, FC 78, 14, 211, 225
(b)  persons under civil interdiction, NCC Art. 38, 39, FC 79, RPC 34, FC 135 (1)
(c)  incapacitated persons, FC 79, in rel. to NCC 38-39

C.  Which law governs property relations, FC 74

1.   Stipulation in marriage settlements, FC 80
2.   If both Filipinos
3.   Mixed marriage between Filipino and alien
4.   If both aliens
5.   For property located outside RP

FC 80 (2) and (3) in rel. to NCC 16
FC 80 (3) in rel. To NCC 17 (1)


D.     Donations propter nuptias 

1. Definition, FC 82

Solis v Solis, 53 Phil 912 [1928]

2. Form of Donations, FC Art. 83, NCC Arts. 748-749

Velasquez v CA, G.R. No. 126996. February 15, 2000
Abobon v Abobon, G.R. No.  155830, August 15, 2012
Valencia v Loquiao, GR 122134, October 3, 2003
Doronio v Heirs, G.R. No. 169454, December 27, 2007

3.  Who may be donors – FC Art 82, 83, 84

4.  What may be donated by a spouse as donor

(a)  present property, FC 84, 1070
(b)  future property, FC 84; NCC 760

Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864

(c)  encumbered property, FC 85
(d)  donations in the marriage settlements,  FC 81


5.  Void donations by the spouses, FC 87

(a)  Donations during the marriage

Ching v Goyanko, GR 165879, November 10, 2006


(b)  Donations in common law marriages

Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284
Arcaba v de Batocael, G.R. No. 146683. Nov. 22, 2001


6.  Revocation of donations propter nuptias, FC 81, 86(1)

(a) revocation by donor, FC 86; NCC 765; FC Art. 50; 43 (3)

Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864

(b)  by operation of law, FC 44; 61; 43 (3)



E.  Absolute community of property (ACP) 

1.  When applicable, FC 75, 103 (3); 130 (3), 92 (2)

2.  Commencement, FC 88, 107

3.  Waiver during marriage, FC 89 (1) cf NCC 168

4.  Waiver after marriage, FC 89 par. 2

5.  Suppletory rules:  
    
Co-ownership, FC 90; cf NCC 484-501, cf FC 108

6.  What constitutes ACP, FC 91, 92

(a)   All property at time of marriage
(b)   Property acquired subsequently
(c)   Winnings from gambling, FC 95 cf NCC 164
(d)   Presumption of ACP, FC 93 of NCC 160

7.  What is excluded from ACP, FC 92;109 (3) and (4) 
Note: FC 142

Muller v Muller, G.R. No. 149615, August 29, 2006
Pacific Ace v Yanagisawa, G.R. No. 175303, April 11, 2012
Beumer v Amores, GR 195670, December 3, 2012
Abrenica v Abrenica, G.R. No. 180572, June 18, 2012

8.  Charges upon ACP, FC 94 

Luzon Surety Co., Inc. vs De Garcia, 30 SCRA 111
Gelano vs CA, 103 SCRA 90
G-Tractors, Inc., vs CA, 135 SCRA 192
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

(a)  Family expenses cf. FC 100 (3), FC 121(5) and FC 94 (1), (4), (5)

Francisco v Gonzales, G.R. No. 177667, September 17, 2008

(b)  Debts of spouses, Art. 94 (2) and (3)
(c)  Subsidiary liabilities, Art. 94 (9)

Buado vs. CA, G.R. No. 145222, April 24, 2009

(d)  Sole obligations of a spouse, Art. 94
(e) Gambling losses, FC 95
(f) Other charges, Art. 94

9.  Ownership, FC 90, FC 96 in rel. to NCC 206

10. Administration and enjoyment of ACP 

(a) joint administration, FC 96; FC 90, NCC 1490

Yu Bun Guan vs Ong, 36 SCRA 559 
Dar v Legasto, G.R. No. 143016, August 30, 2000
Cotoner vs. Revilla, G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014


(b)  Sole administration

(1)  incapacity, FC 96 (2) – no court order

Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246

(2)  separation in fact FC 100 (3), 142 – with court order, of separate property
(3)  abandonment, FC 101 – with court order
(5)  pendency of legal separation proceeding, FC 61 – with court order

(c)  Disposition and encumbrance, FC 96-98

Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009

11.  Effect of separation de facto, FC 100 cf. FC 239

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

12.  Effect of abandonment, FC 101, 239

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014


13.  Causes for dissolution of ACP, FC 99

(a)  Death, FC 103 cf. Rule 73 Sec. 12 ROC

Heirs of Go v Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011

(b)  Legal separation, FC 63(2); FC 66
(c)  Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. to FC 43 (2), 147, 148
(d)  Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008


14.  Effects of dissolution

(a)  Liquidation procedure, FC 102

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

(b)  For cause other than death, FC 43 (2); FC 63(2); 147; 148
(c)  Termination due to death, FC 103

Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358.  March 31, 2005
Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu v Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011

15.  For marriages before FC, FC 104 cf Art. 103 (3)

      Delizo v. Delizo, 69 SCRA 216

16.  Support during ACP liquidation, FC 198, 100(1)



F.  Conjugal partnership of gains 

Belcodero v. CA  227 SCRA 303
Sps. Estonina v. CA  G.R. No. 111547, Jan. 27, 1997
Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
Orpiano vs Tomas, G.R. No. 178611, Jan.  14, 2013 


1.  When CPG commences and applies 

(a)  Marriages under FC, FC 107 cf.  FC 88, FC 89

(b) Marriages before FC, FC 105(2) of FC 256

Castro vs. Miat, 397 SCRA 271

(c) When applicable, FC 105 of FC 74-76, 107, 88, 89

(d)  Suppletory rules, FC 108  cf. NCC 1767-1768


2. What is excluded from CPG, FC 109

(a)  Brought as exclusive property, FC 109(1)

    Laperal v. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493
Francisco v CA, G.R. No. 102330, Nov. 25, 1998
Tan v Andrade, GR 171904, Aug 7, 2013


(b)  Acquired by gratuitous title during marriage,
FC 109 (2) cf FC 113, FC 114, FC 115, NCC 1015

    Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255
Berciles v. GSIS,128 SCRA 53, cf. FC 115

(c)  Acquired by redemption/exchange, FC 109(3), NCC 1601, 1619

    Plata v. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718
   
(d)  Purchased with exclusive money, FC 109(4)

(e)  Properties of parents

Laurena vs CA, GR 159220, September 22, 2008


3.  Administration of exclusive property 

    (a)  By the spouse-owner, FC 110
  (b)  By the other spouse, FC 110(2); FC 142, 75, 227

    ` Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255
    Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372
    Ong vs CA, 204 SCRA 297

4.  Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property, FC 111, amended by RA 10572, FC 112

      Wong et al. v. IAC 200 SCRA 792

5.  What is included in the CPG, FC Art. 106, 117, 115, 118, 119, 120

Titan v David, G.R. No. 169548, March 15, 2010
    Imani vs.  Metrobank, G.R. No. 187023, Nov. 17, 2010.
Dewara v Lamela, GR 179010, April 11, 2011
Lim v. Equitable PCI Bank, G.R. No. 183918. January 15, 2014.


6.  What constitutes CPG

(a)  Definition, FC 106
(b)  Presumption of CPG, FC 116

      Dewara v Lamela, GR 179010, April 11, 2011
De La Pena v Avila, G.R. No. 187490, Feb. 8, 2012
Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012


( c) What are included in CPG, FC 117, 115, 118, 119, 120

Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439
        Mendoza v. Reyes  124 SCRA 154
      Aguete v PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011

(d)  If property bought by installments, FC Art. 118
           Jovellanos v CA, G.R. No. 100728 June 18, 1992     
(e)  Credits due, FC 119

(f)  Improvements on CPG property, FC 120

    Munoz, Jr. v Ramirez, GR 156125, August 25, 2010
Padilla v Padilla, October 4, 1943
Padilla v Paterno, December 26, 1961
Coungco v Flores, 82 Phil. 284

7.  Charges upon and obligations of CPG, FC 121, 122

Mariano vs  CA, 174 SCRA 59
Ayala vs CA, 286 SCRA 272
Ching vs CA, 423 SCRA 356
Homeowners vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar.11, 2005
Ando v Campo, GR 184007, February 16, 2011

(a)  With consent 

    G-Tractors v. CA, 135 SCRA 192
    Ong v. CA 204 SCRA 297
    Ayala Investment vs. CA (February 12, 1998)
    Security Bank vs. Mar Tiera Corp., G.R. No. 143382, Nov. 29, 2006
Aguete v PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011

(b)  Without consent

                    Costuna vs. Domondon, 180 SCRA 333
Carlos vs. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361 
Villanueva vs Chiong, GR 59889, June 5, 2008
Ravina v Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct. 16, 2009
Fuentes v Roca, GR No. 178902, April 21, 2010


(c)  personal debts, FC 122, RPC 108

    People v. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153
Pana vs. Heirs of Juanite, Sr., G.R. No. 164201, December 10, 2012

(d)  winnings from gambling, FC 123


8.  Ownership, administration and enjoyment  

(a)  Joint administration, FC 124 cf. FC 96, 142

    Guiang vs CA, 291 SCRA 372
    Roxas v. CA  198 SCRA 541 [1991]
    Docena vs. Lapesura, 355 SCRA 658
      Alinas vs Alinas, GR No. 158040, April 14, 2008
    Aggabao vs. Parulan, G.R. No. 165803, Sept. 1, 2010


(b)  Sole administration

(1) Incapacity, FC 124, 127, 253

Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246

  (2)  Separation in fact, FC 100 (3), 127(3)
  (3)  Abandonment, FC 101, 128
`
  (4)  Pendency of legal separation proceedings, FC 61

    Sabalones v. CA 230 SCRA 79
   
(c)  Disposition and encumbrance, FC 124-125; FC 97, 121

    Cheeseman v. IAC 193 SCRA 93
    Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003
        Ravina v Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct. 16, 2009
    Siochi v Gozon, G.R. No. 169900, March 18, 2010
    Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010
    Aguete v PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011
    Flores v Lindo, GR 183984, April 13, 2011


9.  Effect of separation de facto, FC 127, FC 100 cf. FC 239

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014


10.  Effect of abandonment, FC 128 cf.  FC 101

                  Partosa-Jo v. CA 216 SCRA 693
   Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014


11. Dissolution of CPG, FC 126

(a)  Death, FC 126 (1), 130

Heirs of Go v Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011

(b)  Legal separation, FC 63 (2), FC 66
(c)  Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. to FC 43 (2)
(d)  Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

12.  Effects of dissolution, FC 129

Tarrosa vs De Leon, GR 185063, July 23, 2009 
Cabreza v Cabreza, GR 171260, September 11, 2009


(a)  Liquidation procedure, FC 129

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
Barrido v. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

(b)  Cause other than death, FC 129; FC 43(2), FC 63(2)
(c)  termination due to death; FC 130, cf.  FC 104

13. For marriages before FC, FC 131

14. Applicability of Rules of Court, FC 132

15. Support during CPG liquidation, FC 133
   
Santero v. CFI, 153 SCRA 728


G.  Regime of separation of property

1.  When applicable

(a)  In the marriage settlements, FC 143-146. 75
(b)  When mandatory, FC 103 & FC 130
(c)  Reconciliation in legal separation, FC 66(2)
(d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-146

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008 
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

2. Property covered, FC 144

3.  Administration 

(a) By the owner-spouse, FC 145
(b) By the other spouse, FC 142, 101
(c) FC 100 (3); 101

4. Family expenses, FC 146

5.  Conveyances between the spouses, FC 87, NCC 1490


H.  Judicial separation of property

1. When possible, FC 134

Maquilan vs Maquilan, June 8, 2007
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014


2.  For sufficient cause, FC 135, RPC 34, cf. FC 55 (10); 229(4), 231, 232

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
Sales v Sales, GR 174803, July 13, 2009
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

3.  Voluntary separation of property, FC 136, FC 74-75, FC 134
      
4.  Effects of judicial separation of property

(a)  liquidation of CPG or ACP, FC 137 par. 1
(b)  support pendente lite, FC 137 par. 2
(c)  regime after JSP, FC 138 of FC 66 (2)
(d)  binding effect on third parties, FC 139-140; of FC 66(2)

Laperal v Katigbak, 116 Phil 672

5.  Revival of property regime after JSP, FC 141 cf. FC 67, 135, 142

6.  Transfer of administration of exclusive property, FC 142  FC 96; FC 124


I.  Property regime of unions without marriage

Review:  FC 6, 35 (2), 35 (3), 35 (5), 36, 38, 53; FC 41, 44; FC 45 (Void and voidable marriages)

1.  Unions under FC 147, 6, 35, 36, 53, cf. NCC 144

    Valdes v. QC RTC, G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996         Carino vs. Carino, GR 132539, February 3, 2001
   San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
 Gonzales vs Gonzales, 478 SCRA 327
    Diño v Diño, GR 178004, January 19, 2011
Salas, Jr., v Aguila, G.R. No. 202370, SEP 23 2013
Barrido v. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014


2.  Unions under FC 148 of FC 50 in rel. to FC 49(2) and FC 50, 37, 38, and 44

     Bienvenido v. CA 237 SCRA 676
    Agapay vs Agapay, 276 SCRA 340
     Tumlos vs. Sps. Fernandez, G.R. No. 137650, Apr 12, 2000
     Adriano v CA, 328 SCRA 738
     Malilin vs Castillo, 333 SCRA 628
     Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439
     Atienza vs.de Castro,G.R. No. 1695698, Nov. 29, 2006
     San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
 Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009
    Heirs of Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009
    Lacbayan v Samoy, G.R. No. 165427, March 21, 2011 (see J. Brion’s Separate Opinion)
Go- Bangayan v  Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014


J. Property Relations of Mixed Marriages

Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009
Cheeseman v. IAC 193 SCRA 93
Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009
Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003
Muller v Muller, G.R. No. 149615, August 29, 2006
Pacific Ace v Yanagisawa, G.R. No. 175303, April 11, 2012
Beumer v Amores, GR 195670, December 3, 2012
cf: Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013


IX. FAMILY RELATIONS 

A.  What governs family relations, FC 149, Constitution Art. II, Sec. 12 and Art. XV, NCC 220-221

B.  Effects of family relationship on legal disputes

FC 150 - 151
NCC 2035
ROC Rule 16 Sec. 1(j)
RPC 20, 247 and 332

Gayon v. Gayon, 36 SCRA 104
Wainwright v. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78
Magbaleta vs Gonong, 76 SCRA 511
Tribiana vs.Tribiana, G.R. No. 137359, Sept. 13, 2004
Hiyas Savings vs. Acuña, G.R. NO. 154132, August 31, 2006
Heirs Of Favis, Sr. v  Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15 2014 


C. The Family Home

1.  What constitutes the family home, FC 152, 156, 69, 120, 118, 161
2.  Who may constitute the family home, FC 152, 161
3.   When deemed constituted, FC 153, 162

4.   Beneficiaries, FC 154, 194-196, 199

Patricio vs. Dario, G.R. No. 170829, November 20, 2006

5.   Exemptions, FC 155, FC 157, FC 160

6. Rights of creditors, FC 155, 160-161

Ramos v Pangilinan, GR 185920, July 20, 2010
Equitable v OJ Mark, G.R. No.  165950, August 11, 2010
De Mesa v Acero, G.R. No. 185064, January 16, 2012

7.  When terminated, FC 153 compare with FC 159, 102 (9), 129 (9)

Arriola v Arriola, GR 177703, January 28, 2008
8.  When may be sold, FC 158
    Honrado v CA, GR 166333, Nov. 25, 2005
Cabang vs Basay, GR No. 180587, March 20, 2009
Fortaleza v Lapitan, GR 178288, August 15, 2012


X. PATERNITY AND FILIATION  

A.  Concepts of paternity, filiation and legitimacy, FC 163

B.  Legitimate children, FC 164 cf. FC 165 in rel to NCC 256-257, 166, 167, 168 in relation to Republic Act No. 10655, An Act Repealing the Crime of Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No. 3815, otherwise known as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015, FC 169


    Angeles vs Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363
    SSS vs. Aguas, G.R. 165546, Feb. 27, 2006
    Suntay v Suntay, GR 183053, October 10, 2012


1.  Who are considered legitimate children

(a)  Conceived during marriage cf.  ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3(dd), FC Art. 168 in relation to Republic Act No. 10655, An Act Repealing the Crime of Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No. 3815, otherwise known as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015

      1.  valid marriage

Arbolario v CA, G.R. No. 129163, April 22, 2003
Continental Steel v Montano, Oct. 13, 2009

      2.  terminated marriage under FC 42 in rel. to FC 43(1)
      3.  void marriages under FC 54
      4.  voidable marriages, FC 45

Suntay v Suntay, GR 132524, Dec. 29, 1998

(b)  Born during marriage, FC 164
(c)  Conceived by artificial insemination   cf. NCC 40, FC 164
(d)  Adopted children, RA 8552, Sec. 17
(e)  Legitimated children, 177, 178

       
2.  Rights of legitimate children, FC 173-174

NCC 364, 374, 376
NCC 888, NCC 979
   
Moore v. Republic, 8 SCRA 282
    Naldoza v. Republic, 112 SCRA 658
Ong vs CA, 272 SCRA 725
Rep. vs CA, 300 SCRA 138
Heirs of Basbas v. Basbas, G.R. No. 188773, September 10, 2014



C.  Illegitimate children 

1.  Who are considered illegitimate

(a)   under NCC
(b)   under FC 165
Uy v Chua, G.R. No. 183965, September 18, 2009  

2.  Rights of illegitimate children, FC 173, 172, 175-176

Osmeña de Valencia v. Rodriguez, 84 Phil 222
Briones vs. Miguel, 440 SCRA 455, October 18, 2004
Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009
De la Cruz vs Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Manungas v Loreto, GR 193161, August 22, 2011
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014

D.  Action to impugn legitimacy

Reyes vs. Mauricio, G.R. No. 175080, November 24, 2010

1.  Grounds, FC 166

(a)  Physical impossibility of access

Andal v. Macaraig, 89 Phil 165
Macadangdang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73
Concepcion vs. CA, G.R. No. 123450, Aug. 31, 2005

(b)  Biological or other scientific grounds

A.M. No. 06-11-5-SC (RULE ON DNA Evidence)
FC 170, 171

Agustin, June 15, 2005
Herrera vs. Alba, G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005
Estate v. Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, Dec. 17, 2007
Lucas v Lucas, GR No. 190710, June 6, 2011

(c.)  FC 166(3)  

2.  Effect of a mother’s declaration, FC 167

Chua Keng Giap v. IAC, 158 SCRA 18


3.  In subsequent marriages, FC 168 in relation to Republic Act No. 10655, An Act Repealing the Crime of Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No. 3815, otherwise known as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015, 169

People v Quitoriano,  January 20, 1997

4. Presumptions, FC 170, 171

5.  Who may impugn, FC 170-171

Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 SCRA 468
Liyao, Jr. vs. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 563
Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011

6.  Prescription of action to impugn legitimacy

Gaspay v. CA, 238 SCRA 163


E.  Proof of Filiation

1. Of legitimate children, FC 172-173

Diaz vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 621, June 22, 1984
Tison vs. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582, July 31, 1997
Trinidad vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 188, April 20, 1998
Heirs of Conti v CA, G.R. No. 118464, December 21, 1998
De Jesus vs. Estate of Juan Gamboa Dizon, 366 SCRA 499
Aguilar v Siasat, G.R. No. 200169, Jan. 28 2015


2.  Of illegitimate children, FC 175 

Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA 495
Heirs of Gabatan vs CA, GR 150206, March 13, 2009
          Dela Cruz , et al vs. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Lucas v Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012
   
3.  Rights of illegitimate children, FC 176

4.   Compulsory recognition, cf.  RPC 345

People v Abella, G.R. No. 177295, January 6, 2010 


F.  Legitimated Children

1. who may be legitimated, FC 177, RA 9858

Abadilla vs Tabiliran, 249 SCRA 447

2.  How legitimation takes place, FC 178, FC 180

BBB v AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015 


3.  Retroactivity and effects, FC 180-181

4.  Action to impugn legitimation, FC 182

5.  Rights of legitimated children, FC 179


XI. ADOPTION

Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250
Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575
R.A. 8552 (Domestic Adoption Law)
R.A.  8043,  “The Law on Inter-Country Adoption”
A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C.  (Aug. 22, 2002)


A.   Requisites to be an adopter 

1.  Age and capacity required – Sec. 7

2. Husband and wife jointly – Sec. 7

Michelle Lim, GR 168992, May 21, 2009

3.  Need for consent – Sec. 9

Landingin vs. RP, G.R. No. 164948, June 27, 2006

4.  Aliens as adopters – Sec. 7 (b)

Republic v. Toledano, 233 SCRA 9


B.  Who may not adopt, Sec. 7

C.  Who may be adopted, Sec. 8 

D.  Who may not be adopted

E. Effect of death, Sec. 13

F. Procedure in adoption

Republic Act No. 9253, March 12, 2009 - AN ACT REQUIRING CERTIFICATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT (DSWD) TO DECLARE A "CHILD LEGALLY AVAILABLE FOR ADOPTION" AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ADOPTION PROCEEDINGS

G.  Effects of a decree of adoption

1.  On status, Sec. 17

Bagayas vs Bagayas, G.R. Nos. 187308, Sept. 18, 2013

2.  On parental authority, Sec. 16

Tamargo v. CA, 209 SCRA 518
Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575

3. On hereditary rights, Sec. 18; FC 189-190; Art. 39, PD 603, Rule 99, Section 5
See: Balane, Ruben, Jottings in Succession, [2006 ed.]

Bartolome vs. SSS, G.R. No. 19253, November 12, 2014

4. On name, NCC 365

In the Matter of Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 SCRA 541

5. Others, Sec. 13

H.   Rescission of adoption, Sec. 19
Lahom vs. Sibulo, G.R. No. 143989, July 14, 2003
1.  by the adopted
2.  by the adopter/s
3.  effects of rescission, Sec. 20


XII. SUPPORT 

A.  What comprises support, FC 194

B.  Who are obliged to provide support, FC 195, 196, 197

Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil 453
Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil 110
De Asis vs. CA, G.R. No. 127578, Feb. 15, 1999
Rondina v People, GR 179059, June 13, 2012
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012
Calderon vs Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan.  09, 2013  
 

C.  Source of support, FC 197-198, cf.  FC 49, 70, 94, 121, 122

Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440
Reyes vs Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803

D.  Order of support, FC 199, 200, 204

Mangonon vs. CA, G.R. No. 125041, June 30, 2006
Spouses Lim v Lim, G.R. No. 163209, October 30, 2009

E. Manner and time of payment, FC 200-204

Calderon vs Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan.  09, 2013  

F. Amount of support, FC 200-208

Lacson vs. Lacson, G.R.No. 150644, August 28, 2006
Lim-Lua v Lua, G.R. Nos. 175279-80, June 05, 2013 


G. Renunciation and Termination, NCC 2035; FC 194; NCC 152 

H. Support pendente lite, FC 198; Rules of Court, Rule 61

I.  Procedure in applications for support, Rule 61


XIII. PARENTAL AUTHORITY & CUSTODY OF CHILDREN


A. Concept of parental authority, Art. II, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution, FC 209, 211, 176, 226, NCC 356-363

Medina vs. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502, March 28, 1969
Unson vs. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183, November 17, 1980
Habeas Corpus Of Minor Shang Ko Vingson v Cabcaban, UDK No. 14817, January 13, 2014
Caram v Segui, GR 193652, Aug. 5, 2014


B. Transfer of PA, FC 210 cf.  FC 223-224, FC 234, 217, 214, 49

Eslao vs CA, 266 SCRA 317


C.  Who exercises PA, FC 211-213, 221 cf. FC 221, 49, 102(6), 43(2), 63(2), 176. 49, 102 (6), 129 (9)

Unson v. Navarro 101 SCRA 183
Espiritu & Layug v. CA, G.R. No. 115640 (1995)
Santos Sr. v. C.A.,  G.R. No. 113054 (1995)
David vs. Court of Appeals, 250 SCRA 82, November 16, 1995
Tonog vs. CA, 376 SCRA 642
Briones vs. Miguel, G.R. No. 156343, October 18, 2004
Gualberto vs. Gualberto, G.R. No. 154994.  June 28, 2005
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014

D.  Substitute PA, FC 214, 216, FC 217, 233
      Rep. Act No. 10165, Foster Care Act of 2012.

Vancil vs Belmes, 358 SCRA 707

E.  Special PA

FC 218-219, FC 233
cf. FC 221 in rel. to NCC 2180, FC 236
Cybercrime Prevention Act, RA 10175, September 12, 2012

St. Mary’s Academy vs. Carpitanos, G.R. No. 143363, February 6, 2002
Child Learning Centre vs. Tagario, GR 150920, NOV. 25, 2005
School of the Holy Spirit vs. Taguiam, GR 165565, July 14, 2008
Aquinas School v Inton, GR 184202, January 26, 2011


F.  Filial privilege, FC 215

ROC Rule 130 Sec. 25 cf. Secs. 22 & 23
Lee v CA, GR 177861, July 13, 2010

G.   Effects of PA over the child’s person, 

FC 220-222
FC 223-224

Cuadra v. Monfort, 35 SCRA 160
Rosales vs. People, G.R. No. 173988, October 8, 2014

R.A. 7610, The Child Abuse Law

H.  Effects of PA over the child’s property, 

FC 225-227, RA 9231, Secs. 12-B and 12-C

Hebron vs. Loyola, G.R. No. 168960, July 5, 2010
Neri v Heirs, GR 194366, October 10, 2012


I.  Suspension or termination of PA

1.  permanent termination, FC 228, 232,  cf. RA 6809

2.  non-permanent termination, FC 229 cf. FC 193

Secs. 16 and 19, RA 8552 re parental authority and revocation of adoption


3.  suspension of PA, FC 231-230, 233

Chua v. Cabangbang, 27 SCRA 791
De Guzman vs Perez, 496 SCRA 474

4.  revival

See:  R.A. 8369, “An Act Establishing Family Courts, Granting Them
Exclusive Original Jurisdiction Over Child and Family Cases.”

See: R.A. 7610, “Child Abuse Act”

XIV. EMANCIPATION

RA 6809

A.  Cause of emancipation, FC 234 as amended

B.  Effect of emancipation, FC 236 as amended
cf. FC 15, NCC 2180


XV. SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER FC

Arts. 238-253, 100(2), 127(2), 41, 51, 69, 73, 96, 124, 217, 225

XVI CARE AND EDUCATION OF CHILDREN

NCC 356-363, FC 213

XVII. SURNAMES

NCC 364-380
RA 6085 – regulating the use of aliases, August 4, 1969
RA 9255, FC 176

Llaneta v. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29
Telmo v. Republic, 73 SCRA 29
Tolentino v. CA, 162 SCRA 66
Legamia v. IAC, 131 SCRA 479
Change of Name, Wang, G.R. No. 159966.March 30, 2005
Remo v DFA, March 5, 2010 
Gonzaludo v People, G.R. No. 150910, February 6, 2006
Dapar v. Biascan, 439 SCRA 179
Limson v Gonzalez, GR 162205, March 31, 2014


XVIII. RULES GOVERNING PERSONS WHO ARE ABSENT

NCC 381-383, 384-389, FC 96, 101, 124, NCC 390-396, FC 41

Reyes v. Alejandro, 141 SCRA 65
Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425
Manuel vs. People, G.R. No. 165842, Nov. 29, 2005
Rep. v Granada, GR 187512, June 13, 2012
Orpiano vs Tomas, G.R. No. 178611, Jan.  14, 2013 
               Rep. vs Narceda, GR 192760, April 10, 2013


XIX.  FUNERALS

NCC 305-310, FC 195, 194
NCC 309 cf. Sec. 95, PD 856 – Sanitation Code
Eugenio v. Velez, 185 SCRA 425
Valino v Adriano, GR 182894, April 22, 2014

XX.   ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTER

NCC 407-413
ROC, Rule 108
RA 9048, as amended by RA 10172

Barretto vs Local Civil Registrar, 74 SCRA 257
Republic v Valencia, GR L-32181, March 5, 1986
Republic v. Marcos, 182 SCRA 223
Labayo-Rowe v. Republic, 168 SCRA 294
Zapanta v. Registrar, 237 SCRA 25v
Leonor v. Court of Appeals, 256 SCRA 69
Silverio vs. RP, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007
                Rep. vs. Cagandahan, , G.R. No. 166676, Sept. 12, 2008
                Dela Cruz v Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
                Braza v The Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, December 4, 2009
                Baldos vs.  CA,  G.R. No. 170645, July 9, 2010 
Corpus v Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010
                Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011
United Clan v Sabellano, GR 186722, June 18, 2012
                Republic v Uy, GR 198010, Aug. 12, 2013
                Iwasawa vs Gangan, , G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11 2013
                Republic v Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, February 10, 2014
                Onde  v.  Office Of The Local Civil Registrar, G.R. No. 197174, September 10, 2014